How does dermal pesticide exposure usually occur?

Dermal pesticide exposure primarily occurs by spilling concentrate on the skin during handling. When individuals handle pesticides, especially in concentrated forms, there is a significant risk of skin contact, particularly if they are not using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves or protective clothing. This skin contact can lead to direct absorption of the pesticide into the bloodstream, which can result in adverse health effects.

Observational exposure or inhalation typically involves different mechanisms. For example, while observing pesticide applications may lead to incidental exposure, it does not focus on the direct contact that results in dermal exposure. Similarly, vapor absorption, while a valid pathway for exposure, relates to inhalation rather than direct skin contact. Accidental ingestion also represents a separate means of exposure that does not specifically align with the dermal pathway described in the question. Thus, handling and potential spills during pesticide application are the primary avenues through which dermal exposure occurs.